Nano-Frontiers in Oncology: Revolutionizing Anti-Cancer Drug Delivery Systems

Abstract

Cancer is a major cause of Obesity and passing away, having a complex pathogenesis. Conventional cancer treatments consist of immunotherapy, targeted therapy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Still, constraints such as lack of selectivity, cytotoxicity and resistance to several drugs provide significant challenges for effective cancer treatment. Nanotechnology has changed cancer diagnosis and treatment. Nanoparticles (1-100 nm) offer advantages in cancer treatment, including precision targeting, enhanced permeability and retention, heightened stability, decreased toxicity, and biocompatibility. The particles known as nanoparticles include divided into numerous groups. The nanoparticle medication delivery method targets tumor and environment features. Nanoparticles improve cancer treatment and conquer resistance to many drugs. In light of recent multidrug resistance pathways emerge, nanoparticles are receiving increased attention for research. The therapeutic potential of formulations has opened up new avenues for
cancer treatment. However, most research is limited to in vivo and in vitro trials, and the number of approved nanodrugs has not significantly increased over time. This review covers various nanoparticle kinds, targeting mechanisms, and authorized nanotherapeutics with oncological applications in cancer treatment. We outline the present state of clinical translation, including its advantages and obstacles.